Riesgos naturales y gestión electoral en Chile y Perú: desafíos y estrategias
Las investigaciones recientes han identificado a los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos como una importante amenaza para las elecciones. Con el cambio climático, es probable que esta amenaza se agrave, especialmente en regiones como América Latina, que ya son altamente vulnerables a fenómenos como las tormentas tropicales, inundaciones, sequías e incendios forestales. Mediante una metodología mixta, este artículo examina cómo los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos podrían dificultar la participación ciudadana en los procesos electorales de Chile y Perú, centrándose tanto en las orientaciones subjetivas del electorado como en el acceso objetivo al voto. La investigación encontró escasa evidencia de que la confianza del electorado en las elecciones se vea afectada negativamente por los fenómenos meteorológicos extremos. Sin embargo, sí constata que, en ciertas circunstancias, estos fenómenos pueden provocar la privación del derecho efectivo al voto, especialmente cuando generan desplazamientos y/o migración interna. Por lo tanto, la garantía del derecho al sufragio para la ciudadanía desplazada representa un desafío al que los organismos electorales deberán prestar atención en los próximos años. El artículo concluye con sugerencias sobre cómo abordar esta situación.
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Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución 4.0.
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